Animal Research Essays - Animal Welfare, Bioethics, Animal Testing

Animal Research Essays - Animal Welfare, Bioethics, Animal Testing Animal Research Experimenting with animals in the scientific field is causing a problem throughout America. Many Americans do not approve of the abuse and torture of the animals by scientists and other organizations. People do not want the victims of torture (animals) to suffer the side effects of medical testing or die. Things such as visual problems, abnormal sexual behaviors, hearing loses, or and deformities, are viewed as irreplaceable. Testing should be allowed to be done on a small percentage of animals and the human being tat want to take their places. True enough there has been over 10 million dogs a year destroyed by different groups, such as public pounds, animal shelters, and humane societies. But if animal testing is done within particular guidelines, Americas population will not decrease. Testing on a small percentage of animals would allow necessary testing to be done and will prevent the destroying of too many animals. Animals do have rights as being a living creature. That is why there are laws that protect them. The Federal Animal Welfare Act of 1966 ensures that research done on animals respects their well-being (King 696). This act was amended in 1970, 1976, and 1979 by the United States Congress. The United States Department of Agriculture has ordered periodic inspections of all all animal-research facilities (King 696). But they did void out research on animals completely. People that do not agree with animal testing should volunteer themselves for testing. How is civilization supposed to find cures for diseases, create better medicines, or develop in alternatives to physical abnormalities. Some people suggest testing on computers or modern technology. They are human-like as far as internally, if they do not like the use of animals they would have to use humans for testing. Would the disagreeing people like to volunteer to be subjects for testing. If one of the Animal Rights advocates were to become diagnosed with an incurable disease, they would want research done to help find a cure for the disease. Using animal testing could be beneficial to finding a cure for that person. Would he then approve the cause.

Learn More About the Science of Geology

Learn More About the Science of Geology What is geology? It is the study of the Earth, its substances, shapes, processes, and history. There are several different components that geologists study with regard to this fascinating field. Minerals Minerals are natural, inorganic solids with a consistent composition. Each mineral also has a unique arrangement of atoms, expressed in its crystal form (or habit) and its hardness, fracture, color, and other properties. Organic natural substances, like petroleum or amber, are not called minerals. Minerals of exceptional beauty and durability are called gemstones (as are a few rocks). Other minerals are sources of metals,  chemicals  and fertilizers. Petroleum is a source of energy and chemical feedstocks. All of these are described as mineral resources. Rocks Rocks are solid mixtures of at least one mineral. While minerals have crystals and chemical formulas, rocks instead have textures and mineral compositions. On that basis, rocks are divided into three classes reflecting three environments: igneous rocks come from a hot melt, sedimentary rocks from accumulation and burial of sediment, metamorphic rocks from altering other rocks by heat and pressure. This classification points to an active Earth that circulates matter through the three rock classes, on the surface and underground, in what is called the rock cycle. Rocks are important as ores- economic sources of useful minerals. Coal is a rock that is a source of energy. Other rock types are useful as building stone, crushed stone and raw material for concrete. Still others serve for toolmaking, from the stone knives of our prehuman ancestors to the chalk used by artists today. All of these, too, are considered mineral resources. Fossils Fossils are signs of living things that are found in many sedimentary rocks. They may be impressions of an organism, casts in which minerals have replaced its body parts, or even remnants of its actual substance Fossils also include tracks, burrows, nests, and other indirect signs. Fossils and their sedimentary environments are vivid clues about the former Earth and what living there was like. Geologists have compiled a fossil record of ancient life stretching hundreds of millions of years into the past. Fossils have practical value because they change throughout the rock column. The exact mix of fossils serves to identify and correlate rock units in widely separated places, even in the grit pumped up from  drill holes. The geologic time scale is based almost entirely on fossils supplemented with other dating methods. With  it,  we can confidently compare sedimentary rocks from everywhere in the world. Fossils are also resources, valuable as museum attractions and as collectibles, and their commerce is increasingly regulated. Landforms, Structures and Maps Landforms in all their variety are products of the rock cycle, built of rocks and sediment. They were shaped by erosion and other processes. Landforms give testimony of the environments that built and altered them in the geologic past, such as ice ages. From mountains and water bodies to caves to the sculpted features of the beach and seafloor, landforms are clues into the Earth beneath them. Structure is an important part of studying rock outcrops. Most parts of the Earths crust are warped, bent and buckled to some extent. The geologic signs of this jointing, folding, faulting, rock textures, and unconformities help in assessing structure, as do measurements of the slopes and orientation of rock beds. Structure in the subsurface is important for water supply. Geologic maps are an efficient database of geologic information on rocks, landforms and structure.   Geologic Processes and Hazards Geologic processes drive the rock cycle to create landforms, structures and fossils. They include erosion, deposition, fossilization, faulting, uplift, metamorphism, and volcanism. Geologic hazards are powerful expressions of geologic processes. Landslides, volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, tsunamis, climate change, flooding and cosmic impacts are extreme examples of ordinary things. Understanding the underlying geologic processes is a key part of mitigating geologic hazards.   Tectonics and Earth History Tectonics is geologic activity on the largest scale. As geologists mapped the worlds rocks, untangled the fossil record and studied geologic features and processes, they began to raise and answer questions about tectonics the life cycle of mountain ranges and volcanic chains, motions of continents, the rise and fall of the ocean, and how the mantle and core operate. Plate-tectonic theory, which explains tectonics as the motions in Earths outer broken skin, has revolutionized geology, enabling us to study everything on Earth in a unified framework. Earth history is the story that minerals, rocks, fossils, landforms, and tectonics tell. Fossil studies, in combination with gene-based techniques, yield a consistent evolutionary history of life on Earth. The Phanerozoic Eon (age of fossils) of the last 550 million years is well mapped as a time of expanding life punctuated by mass extinctions. The previous four billion years, the Precambrian time, is being revealed as an age of enormous changes in the atmosphere, oceans and continents. Geology Is Civilization Geology is interesting as a pure science, but Professor Jim Hawkins at Scripps Institution of Oceanography tells his classes something even better: Rocks are money! What he means is that civilization rests on rocks: Society relies on a good supply of Earth products.For every structure we build, we need to know about the ground it sits on.Our food and fiber come from soil, a thin biogeochemical layer of incredible complexity.Protection against geologic hazards depends on our understanding of them.

Brave Software Companys Main Rivals Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Brave Software Companys Main Rivals - Assignment Example Also, most of these firms were founded long before Brave Software Company came into being. Therefore, their brands are better positioned in the market than Brave Software Company’s brands. Also, most of the Brave Software Company’s competitors have a bigger workforce than that of the Brave Software Company. Nevertheless, Brave Software Company’s competitors have weaknesses too. Most of these firms have been perceived as being less ‘technologically conscious’. Also, these competitors charge a relatively higher price on the software-based products and rely more on the traditional methods of advertising to reach out to their customers in the market. This is a plan aimed at reaching out to a particular segment of the market by developing a unique product that is more appealing to the customers (Simons, 2000). Different firms may, therefore, produce a similar item but they cannot sell exactly the same product in the market. Each of these firms has to package, price and even quantify the product in such a way that it looks different from the similar products on the market. In this case, Brave Software Company has embarked on a low-price strategy. Following the fact that most of the other companies in the industry charge a relatively high price on the software-based products, Brave Software Company has embarked on producing similar products at relatively lower prices. Further, these products have been developed in a way that they target a specific market and not the entire market. The company has also capitalized on specific advertising mechanisms to reach out to the specific group of customers in the market. Further, the company ha s a strong brand positioning statement. Having been established in the year 2010, Brave Software Company has worked towards providing the best software solutions to its respective customers. The company also aspires to grow beyond the geographical borders of the international market.

Innovation, knowledge and learning Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Innovation, knowledge and learning - Assignment Example Same is the case with students all around the world. They spend quite a while over the Internet and thus explore the intricate details that they have conducted over Facebook (Wilks and Pearce, 2011). This paper specifically takes a look at how Facebook forms a vital link between the teachers and their students through the knowledge management domains, and the role of this social networking tool within the norms and routines of the teenagers who will grow up to experience a totally unique and different life from what their forefathers saw. Facebook is a social platform where these students meet, discuss and share ideas, videos and do their postings. For the knowledge management stakeholders, e.g. teachers, it gives them a platform to understand how their students think of the world around them, what they are doing in their normal, day to day lives, and how they think and act in the wake of changing circumstances. It is a fact that Facebook has become an everyday routine, so much so th at it will shape up the coming times in a number of positive ways (McMellon, 2011). The negativities include the fact that people now interact with one another physically less and meet more often on the Internet, through Facebook (Shepherd, 2011). However for the sake of this discussion, the basis of Facebook being a help for the teachers around the world would be made note of (Desenberg, 2000). This will ask for the teachers to remain vigilant and alert as per their actions and thus showcase their truest selves through persistence and devotion (Weston, 2011). Facebook is a social learning tool as it gives out so much information that one can take hours at stretch to fathom. Same is the case for the teachers who are on the look-out for new trends and fads that have come up within the ranks of the students as well as within their own lives (Helvie-Mason, 2011). Concerning specifically within the limits of knowledge management and innovation, Facebook helps the teachers in the classro om as they already know what their students have been up to in the recent times. They can feel pride in knowing beforehand which students are enjoying their life to the maximum and which students have been visiting leisure places of late. All these pointers give them an idea that their students have busy lives just like their own (Greenfield, 2008). Similarly, the ones who are unwell and unable to attend school can also be found out through their status updates, pictures that are posted or shared across their walls, and so on and so forth (Han, 2001). Basically the teachers are finding reasons why their students are proactively driven, and what makes them feel different in the differing times within the classrooms and indeed in the school (Pike, Butler and Bateman, 2011). Facebook is suggestive because it tells the viewers what the profiles are telling them. It asks of the teachers to remain glued to their Home screen and find out who is doing what and which student is coming up wit h the best ideas within his field of life, and so on (Sams and Elliman, 2011). In essence, Facebook helps create that vital bridge between the students and the teachers which are required in this day and age (Halverson, 2011). Even at times, students can message their teachers and find out about certain things which are not related with their academic lives. This has a very interactive feel about the whole affair that comes about due to the presence of

The Royal Truth :: Essays Papers

The Royal Truth The poem Sir Gawain And The Green Knight was written anonymously around 1375 for the royal court in London. This work is a combination of comedy and satire. The poem also has two plots: "the beheading contest, in which two parties agree to an exchange of blows with a sword or ax, and the temptation, an attempted seduction of the hero by a lady" (Norton, 200). This essay will discuss one description of the setting of the poem, the characters' behavior, and how this courtly society has deteriorated from the ideal. The poem begins with the burning of the city, Troy, and the flight of Aeneas. The great-grandson of Aeneas, Felix Brutus, is also the founder of Britain, and he comes to rebuild the city in Britian. The poem continues to describe how the city is built and says that King Arthur becomes the successor of the throne. The author makes the readers understand that the action is taking place during the winter because he mentions that the king, who is the handsomest of all his guests, is having a Christmas party at Camelot. The text states: ...he is the comeliest king, that that court holds, For all this fair folk in their first age were still. Happiest of mortal kind, King noblest fame of will; You would now go far to find So hardy a host on hill (203). The author is also very graphic. For example, the author describes the beheading of the Green Knight this way: "...the head was hewn off and fell to the floor; ...The blood gushed from the body, bright on the green..." (Norton, 211). The passage from lines 60 to 129 of Sir Gawain And The Green Knight describes how the king and his guests celebrate New Year's Day. Before the king enters the room, the food is served to the guests. When the king comes in, everyone stops and the "Clerics and all the court acclaimed the glad season, Cried Noel anew, good news to men" (Norton, 203), which means that the guests exchange greetings with each other. Then men and women hand out gifts, but at the same time they play a kissing game. The entertainment continues until the food is served. In Sir Gawain And The Green Knight, the unknown author explains his characters' personalities and their appearance. He says that Queen Guenevere is a perfect person, who has no faults.

Han China vs. Gupta India Essay

The Chinese Han Empire, which date from 206 BC to 220 AD, and the Indian Gupta Empire, which date from 375 AD to 550 AD, were elaborate kingdoms that thrived during their time. Although Han China and Gupta India were politically stable, Han China’s developing bureaucracy was centralized, while Gupta India was much more regionalized. Han China and Gupta India both featured extensive internal trade; however Gupta India was more involved with trade. Both empires had many intellectual achievements but Han China had much more innovative achievements, as in improving things, while Gupta India was much more dynamic, meaning the Indians worked on theories and then proved them. Something the Gupta Empire and the Han Empire had in common was that the emperors of these empires both believed they were chosen from the gods to rule. Han China had a very centralized bureaucracy which meant the emperor ruled over China, and this helped the rulers rule over a vast amount of land. The bureaucracy was capable of carrying out the duties of a complex state. In Gupta India, however, their government was regionalized meaning there were many local rulers ruling over certain regions. There was not much emphasis on politics in Gupta India so they did not develop solid political institution, like Han China did. There were very few formal political values or institutions besides regionalism so the political culture was not as involved or intricate. Despite the fact that both Han China and Gupta India had a deal of internal and external trade, the Gupta Empire was much more involved in trading overall. In Han China, much of the trade focused on luxury items for the upper class, such as silk, jewelry, leather goods and furniture. They also traded food and copper coins once they began to circulate. The Gupta Empire traded things such as cotton, silk, dyes, drugs, gold, ivory and more, getting in return pottery, wine, metals, slaves and gold. The merchants in the Han Empire were not as respected as they were in the Gupta Empire because of the Confucian emphasis on learning and politics, not on money-making. In the Gupta Empire, merchants were of relatively high class according to the caste system. Even though the Gupta and the Han both were involved in trade, both were largely agricultural societies so they depended greatly on the peasant class. The two empires, Han and Gupta, both had many intellectual achievements, although it could be argued that the Indians had much more of a variety. The Gupta Empire was more dynamic than the Han, meaning it was open and branched out much more. During the time of the Gupta Empire, they developed pieces of literature and Indian drama flourished. Their most notable intellectual achievements were the Indian numbering system, the concept of zero, and the decimal system. In the Han Empire, people were encouraged to not stray away from practicality. Chinese scientists were always improving their machinery and they invented a seismograph. The Han focused more on how things worked, which is why Chinese scholars would study the mathematics in music. One may assume that Han China and Gupta India were only different but that is not the case. As well as their many differences, such as a bureaucracy in China and a regionalized government in India, both empires were politically stable with rulers that believed they were chosen by the gods to rule. Despite Gupta India having more emphasis on trading, both empires were agricultural societies which depended on the peasant class. The Gupta Empire and the Han Empire both had an abundance of intellectual achievements although the Gupta Empire was much more dynamic while the Han Empire was restraint. Both empires blossomed in their time because of the many characteristics that make an empire great such as their economy, their intellectual achievements and their political institutions.

A Patient s Bill Of Rights - 1788 Words

What would happen if you were seriously hurt or sick and could not speak for yourself? Would your family or friends know what you wanted for medical care? Would you want to live in a nursing home, possibly connected to â€Å"tubes,† without a means to communicate or care for yourself? How would you define â€Å"quality of life†? Have you ever discussed with them what your wishes are if you were unable to speak for yourself? Do you have your wishes written down anywhere? Would it make their decision easier if they knew what your wishes were? As health care consumers, everyone has certain rights; this is often referred to as a Patient’s Bill of Rights. While there is not a universal Patient’s Bill of Rights, it typically addresses an individual’s right to information concerning their condition and treatment options, and autonomy over their medical treatment decisions. This means that individuals have the right to choose what medical treatments they may or may not want to receive. You have the right to refuse treatment that has been recommended by your treating physician, as long as you understand the nature and consequences of the health care decision, even if it might prolong your life (Patients, 2016.) Pharmacological and medical technology advances can prolonged life through the development of life sustaining therapies such as antibiotics, cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), mechanical ventilation, feeding tubes and hemodialysis (HD). While these advances prolong life,Show MoreRelatedThe Pro Life Movement Vs. Pro Choice Movement Essay1371 Words   |  6 Pagessignificant influence with health care policy (AAACN, n.d.). The controversial topic of a woman’s right to choose is a constant in healthcare policy. The pro-life movement vs the pro-choice movement has been debating for decades. A nurse has an intimate role in care of these patients and personal beliefs may influence her willingness to care for these patients. 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